How to become an airline pilot
what you need to know
This comprehensive guide gives you all the information you need to make an informed decision: How much training costs and how long it takes, what you can expect to earn in your career, whether to choose short haul or long haul and everything in between.
How to become an airline pilot in the uk
Becoming an airline pilot is more than choosing a career – it’s choosing a profession built on responsibility, precision and opportunity.
From your first flight lesson to your first job in the flight deck, every stage of training develops the skills, knowledge and professionalism needed to succeed in one of the world’s most rewarding careers.
Whether you’re inspired by travel, problem-solving or the responsibility of safely transporting passengers around the world, a career as an airline pilot offers a clear and rewarding path to a future above the clouds.
The route to becoming an airline pilot in the UK is clear, achievable, and designed to build the skills, knowledge, and attitude needed for a successful aviation career.
There are several routes to becoming an airline pilot, depending on your starting point, budget, timeline, and career goals.
At Skyborne Airline Academy, our airline-focused training programmes are designed to prepare trainees for commercial airline operations from day one, helping them build the technical expertise and professional mindset airlines are looking for.
So, what are your options?
There are several routes into an airline pilot career, each offering different benefits depending on your circumstances, budget and preferred learning style.
1. Integrated Flight Training
Integrated training is the most direct and structured route into the airline industry. Designed for individuals with little or no previous flying experience, an integrated programme combines theoretical knowledge, practical flight training and airline preparation into one continuous course.
Skyborne’s UK CAA Integrated ATPL programme takes approximately 18 months to complete and includes theoretical knowledge training, single-engine and multi-engine flight training, Instrument Rating, Advanced Upset Prevention and Recovery Training (AUPRT) and Airline Pilot Standards Multi-Crew Cooperation (APS MCC).
Best for: Individuals seeking a focused, full-time pathway to the airline industry.
2. Modular Flight Training
Modular training allows trainees to complete each licence and rating separately, progressing at a pace that suits their individual circumstances.
Many modular trainees complete their training while working or studying elsewhere, spreading the cost of training over a longer period.
While this route offers flexibility, it requires careful planning and self-discipline.
Best for: Individuals who require flexibility in how and when they complete their training.
3. Combined Degree and Flight Training
Some aspiring pilots choose to combine pilot training with higher education.
Skyborne offers the opportunity to study a BSc (Hons) Aviation Management with Commercial Pilot Training through its partnership with the University of West London. This enables trainees to obtain both professional pilot qualifications and an academic degree alongside their flight training.
Best for: Trainees wishing to gain both pilot qualifications and a university degree.
4. Military Pilot Route
Many commercial airline pilots begin their careers in the armed forces before transitioning into civilian aviation.
Military pilots receive extensive flight training and operational experience while serving in a variety of roles.
Best for: Individuals interested in military service as part of their aviation career.
5. Airline Cadet Programmes
Several airlines offer dedicated cadet pathways designed to help aspiring pilots progress directly into airline careers.
Skyborne works closely with leading airlines and is an official training partner for programmes including the British Airways Speedbird Pilot Academy, Jet2FlightPath, easyJet FlightCrew Futures and Ryanair Future Flyer Academy. These programmes provide aspiring pilots with clear routes from training into airline employment opportunities.
Best for: Individuals looking for a direct connection between training and future airline opportunities.
Before we get into the detail of how, let’s start with the basics…
What Does a Pilot Do?
A pilot is someone who operates an aircraft, whether it is a fixed-wing aircraft (aeroplane) or a rotary-wing aircraft (helicopter).
In this guide, we’re focussing on fixed-wing aircraft and how to become an airline pilot in the UK and Europe.
There are three different types of pilots, these are:
Private Pilots
With a Private Pilot Licence (PPL), private pilots can fly light aircraft for recreational and personal travel, but cannot be paid to fly.
Often compared to a driving licence for the skies, a PPL allows pilots to take friends and family on non-commercial flights within the UK and abroad.
With a Commercial Pilot Licence (CPL), commercial pilots can legally fly aircraft for payment.
They may transport passengers or cargo, conduct charter flights, perform aerial surveys, or work as flight instructors.
Military PilotsÂ
Military pilots complete specialist training to operate military aircraft, including fast jets.
They carry out missions ranging from air-to-air combat and intelligence gathering to search and rescue and transport operations.
Let’s look a little further at airline pilots…
What Does an Airline Pilot Do?
Airline pilots are responsible for the safe and efficient operation of commercial aircraft, transporting passengers and cargo throughout the UK, Europe and worldwide.
While flying the aircraft is a significant part of the role, airline pilots also:
- Conduct detailed flight planning
- Review weather and operational information
- Communicate with Air Traffic Control
- Monitor aircraft systems
- Manage fuel and performance calculations
- Work closely with cabin crew and ground operations teams
- Respond to evolving operational situations
It is a common misconception that newly qualified pilots are ‘co-pilots’ who never touch the controls. This couldn’t be further from the truth.
One of the most appealing aspects of an airline pilot career is the clear progression pathway available.
Below, we breakdown the seniority outline for an airline pilot, from newly qualified upward:
1. Trainee Pilot
The journey begins with professional flight training, where aspiring pilots gain the knowledge and practical skills required for commercial aviation.
On completion of training, pilots typically graduate with a UK CAA Commercial Pilot Licence (CPL), Instrument Rating (IR), Multi-Engine Rating (ME) and a Frozen ATPL.
A Frozen ATPL means a pilot has completed all required training and theoretical examinations but must build hours and gain the necessary experience before obtaining a full ATPL.
3. Second or First Officer
The Second or First Officer is the second pilot on the flight deck and shares responsibility for operating the aircraft safely and efficiently.
Many newly qualified pilots begin their airline careers in this role.
4. Senior First Officer
With increased experience comes greater responsibility, seniority and opportunities to operate larger aircraft or more complex routes.
5. CaptainÂ
Captains are the Pilot in Command and have overall responsibility for the aircraft, passengers, crew and operation of the flight.
Promotion depends on airline requirements, performance and experience.
6. Training Captain
Experienced captains may move into training roles, mentoring and assessing future generations of airline pilots.
7. Flight Operations Leadership
Some pilots progress into management positions such as Fleet Manager, Chief Pilot or Director of Flight Operations.
A day in the life of an airline pilot
A career as a commercial pilot can take you in many different directions. Whether you’re flying domestic, European, long-haul international or cargo operations, every flight is built on the same foundations: safety, teamwork and professionalism.
Although the core responsibilities remain the same, the lifestyle and day-to-day experience can vary considerably depending on the type of flying you choose.
Let’s take a look at each route below:
Short-Haul / regional flying
Many airline pilots begin their careers flying short-haul routes within the UK and Europe. These operations typically involve multiple sectors each day, making every shift varied, fast-paced and rewarding.
A typical day starts with pre-flight planning, including reviewing weather conditions, fuel requirements, aircraft performance and flight documentation before carrying out cockpit checks and preparing for departure. Tight turnaround times mean pilots work closely with cabin crew, operations teams, engineers and air traffic control to ensure flights depart safely and on schedule.
Short-haul flying offers plenty of variety, from operating into busy international hubs to smaller regional airports, with changing weather and different operational challenges every day. Many pilots enjoy the opportunity to return home regularly, while others see it as the ideal foundation before progressing to long-haul flying.
Long-HaulÂ
Long-haul flying follows the same principles but at a different pace. Flights require more detailed planning, longer boarding times and additional considerations such as extended-range operations and oceanic routing.
Once airborne, pilots continuously monitor weather, fuel, aircraft systems and flight progress. On longer sectors there is usually a larger crew on-board, allowing pilots to take planned rest breaks in dedicated crew rest facilities before arrival.
Managing fatigue is an important part of long-haul operations, with pilots regularly crossing multiple time zones and adapting to varied schedules. For many, the opportunity to operate larger aircraft, fly to destinations across the globe and experience different cultures during layovers is one of the greatest attractions of long-haul flying.
Cargo Flying
Cargo pilots perform many of the same duties as passenger airline pilots, but with a different operational focus. Cargo or freight flights may operate overnight, early in the morning or to airports that see little passenger traffic, helping to keep global supply chains moving.
Â
As well as completing the usual flight planning and aircraft preparation, cargo flight crews work closely with ground handling teams to ensure freight is loaded safely and within the aircraft’s weight and balance limits.
Â
Many pilots are attracted to cargo flying because of the unique routes, varied schedules and the opportunity to focus solely on flight operations without the demands of passenger service.
Which path is right for you?
Every type of commercial flying offers its own rewards. Short-haul flying provides variety, frequent take-offs and landings, and the chance to build experience quickly. Long-haul flying offers international travel and the opportunity to operate larger aircraft. Cargo flying provides a different style of operation, with unique routes, varied schedules and an essential role in global logistics.
Whichever path you choose, professional flight training, such as the training provided by Skyborne Airline Academy, will equip you with the skills, knowledge and professional attitude needed to succeed as a commercial pilot.
Is Becoming an Airline Pilot Right for You?
Airline pilots come from all backgrounds, but there are certain characteristics commonly found among successful aviators.
Let’s take a look at the characteristics below:
Communication Skills
Pilots work closely with crew members, air traffic controllers and operational teams. Effective communication is essential.
Decision-Making
Pilots must assess situations calmly and make sound decisions, often under pressure.
Leadership
Professionalism and leadership are central to airline operations.
Technical Aptitude
Modern aircraft are sophisticated machines requiring a strong understanding of systems, procedures and technology.
Discipline and Commitment
Flight training is demanding and requires focus, resilience and determination.
Education
For Skyborne’s UK Integrated ATPL programme, applicants typically require five GCSEs at Grade 4 or above, including Maths, Science and English Language.
Some airline programmes may have additional requirements.
Medical Requirements
Before beginning professional flight training, trainees must obtain a valid UK CAA Class 1 Medical Certificate.
This medical assessment evaluates factors such as vision, hearing and overall fitness to fly.
Many aspiring pilots are pleased to learn that perfect vision is not always necessary, provided vision can be corrected to the required standard.
Age requirements
You can begin formal training at 16, but you must be at least 17 to get a Private Pilot Licence (PPL) and 18 to begin commercial airline training.
You must be 18 to start your flight training with Skyborne.
Now we’ll take a look at the steps to becoming an airline pilots…
Steps to becoming an airline pilot
Skyborne’s full-time Integrated ATPL course takes you from zero experience to a fully qualified commercial pilot, preparing you for a career as a professional airline pilot.
Our training is aligned with the airlines from day one, giving you access to highly experienced instructors who will guide you through each phase, providing you with the skills, knowledge, and attitude to succeed no matter which path you choose.
At Skyborne, flight training takes place at our UK academies in Gloucestershire and Bournemouth, and at our fair-weather base in Vero Beach, Florida.
Becoming an airline pilot involves progressing through several certifications and ratings. Let’s take a look at them now…
Step 1: Complete Your Ground School Training
Your journey begins in ground school, where you will learn the essential theory behind flight, including navigation, meteorology, aircraft systems, flight planning and aviation law. You will sit 13 exams across a range of topics, over a six month period.
Step 2: Complete Single-Engine Flight Training
After ground school, you will spend six months at our fair-weather base in Vero Beach, Florida. Here you will develop practical flying skills and gain the experience required for your Commercial Pilot Licence.
Step 3: Obtain Your Commercial Pilot Licence (CPL)
You will round off your time in Florida by gaining your Commercial Pilot Licence. A CPL allows pilots to be paid for flying and represents the first major professional qualification.
Step 4: Complete Multi-Engine Training
After six months in sunny Florida, you will return to the UK for Multi-Engine flight training. Here you will gain experience operating more complex aircraft with multiple engines.
Step 5: Obtain Your Instrument Rating (IR)
The next step is your Instrument Rating. An IR allows pilots to fly safely in a wider range of conditions using instruments and advanced navigation systems.
Step 6: Complete Advanced Airline Preparation
This includes specialist airline preparation courses such as AUPRT and APS MCC, which are designed to develop the skills required for modern multi-crew airline operations.
Step 7: Graduate with a Frozen ATPL
Upon successful completion of all elements of training, you’ll hold the qualifications required to apply for airline positions.
Step 8: Secure Your First Airline Role
Through airline recruitment programmes, airline partnerships and direct applications, graduates can begin their professional airline careers.
At Skyborne, trainees benefit from career support and airline-focused training throughout their journey.
Skyborne graduates have progressed to airlines including British Airways, Loganair, easyJet, TUI, Jet2 and many more.
You now understand what it takes to become a commercial pilot, but what can you expect to earn…?
How much will I earn as an airline pilot?
Flying is a rewarding and highly respected profession, offering excellent long-term earning potential alongside unique career opportunities.
In the UK, airline pilot salaries vary depending on the airline, aircraft type, route network and level of experience. Newly qualified Second or First Officers typically earn between £40,000 and £65,000 per year, with earnings increasing significantly as experience and seniority grow.
More experienced First Officers can earn £65,000 to £90,000+, while Captains at major UK airlines often earn between £100,000 and £180,000+ per year, depending on the aircraft and operation.
As with many professions, progression and seniority play an important role in determining earnings.
Moving from First Officer to Captain brings increased responsibility and typically a substantial increase in salary, while pilots operating larger aircraft or long-haul routes may benefit from additional allowances and benefits.
Beyond salary, many pilots are attracted by the lifestyle, career progression opportunities and the ability to work in a dynamic, global industry.
Whether operating short-haul flights across Europe or long-haul services to destinations around the world, aviation continues to offer a highly rewarding career path.
Industry growth
The aviation industry continues to show strong long-term growth, creating exciting opportunities for aspiring pilots.
Global passenger demand remains robust, and airlines across the UK and Europe are investing in fleet expansion, network growth and recruitment to support future operations.
Industry forecasts indicate that hundreds of thousands of new pilots will be required worldwide over the next decade to meet demand driven by increased air travel, airline expansion and a significant number of pilot retirements.
Europe is expected to remain an important recruitment market as airlines continue to seek highly trained, airline-ready professionals.
The British Airline Pilots’ Association (BALPA) has reported positive recruitment trends across the UK airline sector, with growing opportunities for newly qualified pilots as airlines continue to recruit and expand their operations.
The introduction of airline-sponsored and fully funded training pathways has also improved accessibility for future pilots, helping to support the next generation entering the profession.
For individuals considering a career in aviation, the combination of strong long-term demand, clear career progression and competitive earning potential makes becoming an airline pilot an exciting investment in the future.
Now you understand what is involved in becoming an airline pilot, the next step is getting started. Our Flight Training Advisors are here to support you every step of the way.Â
Simply select a link below, and we’ll help you navigate your journey.Â
